William sawyeb



3Sheets-Sheet 3; W. SAWYBR.

Dynamo Electric Machine. No. 227,845. Patented IVlayI8,1880.

UNITED STATES PATENT Grunnl WILLIAM SAI/VYER, OF NEI/Y YORK, N. Y.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 227,845, dated May 18, 1880.

Application iled February 1G, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM SAWYER, a citizen of the United States, residing` at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and uscful Improvements in Dynamo- Electric Machines, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Dynamo-electric machines and their operation are so well understood at the present day that I have deemed it superfluous to enter into a minute description of the same. The great diiiiculty with all such generators of electricity is their liability to heat, and thereby to greatly increase their resistance, if not to burn the insulating material in which the wires are incased.

The principal object of my invention is to prevent this electrical heating.

Referring to the drawings accompanying and constituting a part of this specification, Figure l is a perspective View of the machine, and Figs. 2, 3, and l are other views of parts \ot the same.

drawings. Y

l? l? are the two limbs of an electro-magnet bolted to the back piece, K. P is the wirewound armature.

The drawings are intended to represent what is known as the new Siemens machine,7 in so far. as the magnet and its armature are concerned, I) D being the rotating insulated commutators, and Q, Q Q Q, the brushes on stud S, held to their bearings by springs It, from which the current is taken, T being the magnet-coils.

I have not deemed it necessary to show the method of electrically connecting up the inachine, for the reason that I do not confine my invention to the Siemens or any particular machine; and my invention, being applicable to any machine, has no specic relation to this one, and does not consist in any particular part ot any dynamo-machine electrically considered.

The shaft G, working in the bearings H in the oisets from the magnet back piece, K, is

Like lemlgsindicate like parts in all the caused to rotate by a belt (not shown) passing over pulley U, as will be comprehended without further description.

In other dyllamo-machines cooling of the parts has been attempted mainly either by running water through the shaft or by rotating the armature in water. Thelatter method is, for several readily-appreciated reasons, objectionable, a-nd in the lormer, the non-conducting material incasing the wires being an equally good non-conductor of heat, the etliciency ot' the device is questionable.

Radiation by means of great exposure of surface has also been attempted 5 but this, too, has its objections, principally on account of the increased power required to drive themachine.

Through the armature B, Fig. 2, I pass a shaft, C, hollowed, as shown, and I screw to the ends of the armature iron caps E, made water-tight by any ot' the well-known devices for that purpose. This armature is perforated throughout its length by holes F, Fig. 3, and these holes open into the spaces between the armature andthe caps E. An opening, G, admits water, which is carried to the shaft O through the annular space M, and, flowing alongthe space N, leaves the shaft through the openings J on one side, and, traversing the perforations F, again reaches the hollow shaft upon the opposite side ofthe armature by way of the openings J', leaving the shaft by way of the annular space M and exit-tube G.

To close the ends oi' the shaft I employ screwcaps L. To make the watergoints ot' the journal-bearings tight I employ the screw-caps H', packed with cotton-waste or other like material, I.

The result ofthe constant passage of water through the perforations F is to cool the armature, (and I remark that I may cool the magnet l? in a similar manner,) and thereby to prevent undue heating; but as, owing to the non-conducting character ot' the insulating covering of the wire with which the armature is wound, the outer layers (shown in Fig. 4) would not be cooled by the water passing through the armature, I have resorted to the device shown in Figs. 3 and et, the same being U-shaped pieces of copper or other metal, O, screwed or pinned to or in any other manner held to the armature B, in the spaces of which.

IOO

an armature, B, perforated with holes F.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of an armature having' perforations for the passage of a stream oi" Water with water-tight caps E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of an armature, B, a hollow shaft provided with an opening` at one end of said armature and another opening at the other end of said a1maturc,with two or more openings, F, through said armature, substantially as shown and described.

WM. SAI/VYER.

VWitnesses:

oB'L STREET, G. C. Trm'rcrmn. 

